Colonoscopy: What To Expect

What To Expect Before, During and After a Colonoscopy

Colon cancer is one of the most preventable forms of cancer when it is detected early – that's why routine screenings are so important. For most adults, at average risk, screenings should begin at age 45, even if you have no symptoms.

A colonoscopy is the gold standard for colon cancer screening because it allows physicians to identify and remove precancerous polyps before they have a chance to develop into cancer. If you have never had a colonoscopy before, it’s normal to have questions and understanding what to expect can help make the experience less intimidating.

A colonoscopy allows a physician to examine the lining of your colon and rectum using a thin, flexible instrument with a small camera. Using the camera and other tools, polyps or abnormal tissue can be removed and sent for testing. Finding and removing polyps early can significantly reduce your risk of developing colorectal cancer.

1. Preparation Starts Before the Procedure

The most important part of a colonoscopy happens before you arrive at your appointment. Your physician will provide instructions for bowel preparation. This typically includes dietary restrictions, drinking clear liquids, and taking a prescribed laxative solution to completely clean the colon. Preparation is often considered the least enjoyable part of the process; however, a clean colon allows your doctor to see abnormalities more clearly.

Fasting is a part of the preparation. Your care team will tell you when to stop eating and drinking before your procedure. It is important that preparations are followed completely to ensure your safety during sedations and effective screening.

2. The Procedure

Most procedures are completed within 30 to 60 minutes. Because it is an outpatient procedure, patients are typically able to return home the same day.

Most patients worry about pain during the procedure. However, most patients receive some level of sedation that allows them to relax and even sleep during the procedure.

During the procedure, the care team guides the colonoscope through the colon to look for polyps, abnormal tissue, inflammation, or any other concerning elements. If needed, the care team will remove the polyps and send them for further testing.

Complications from colonoscopy are uncommon. However, as with any medical procedure, there are potential risks, but serious complications are rare. Your physician will discuss your personal medication history to address any concerns or answer any questions before your procedure.

Most patients remember very little from the procedure due to sedation. It is important to have a family member, friend, or caregiver accompany you to your procedure. Driving after sedation is dangerous; sedation affects alertness and reaction time. You may experience more fatigue the day of your procedure; however, most people feel normal and return to work or normal activities the next day.

Talk to Your Doctor About Screening

In early stages, colorectal cancer often develops with no symptoms. This is why preventative screening is so important. If you’re 45 or older – or if you have a history of colorectal cancer or other risk factors – talk to your healthcare provider about when screening should begin. Coloscopy can help detect problems early and may even prevent cancer before it starts.

Ready to take the next steps? Schedule an appointment with a digestive health provider today to discuss colorectal cancer screening and potential risk factors.

References:

American Cancer Society

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention